An Integrated, Prosperous and Peaceful Africa.

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  • Guns, Camps and Cash: Disarmament, Demobilization and Reinsertion of Former Comb
    May 10, 2025

    Identifies and explores issues related to DDR in a number of political and security contexts. Specifically explores issues related to disarmament and use of weapons buy back programmes, approaches to cantonment and their impact, and approaches to the provision of Financial Reinsertion Assistance. Country examples provided from a number of locations.

  • Disentangling the Determinants of Successful Demobilization and Reintegration
    May 10, 2025

    Based on a sample of over 1000 ex-combatants in Sierra Leone this study sought to explore individual, group and community level determinants of reintegration success defined as whether ex-combatants have been accepted by their families, found employment, rejected their faction as a political actor and accepted the democratic process.

  • Ex-combatants in Burundi: Why they joined, why they left, how they fared
    May 10, 2025

    Drawing on interviews with 63 ex-combatants (rural and urban) this report explores the reasons that respondents joined armed groups and also what drove them to join the DDR programme before going on to examine how successfully they appear to have been reintegrated.

  • The Role of ex-combatants and Veterans in violence in transitional societies
    May 10, 2025

    Provides an overview of the issue of ex-combatant violence in southern Africa and explores the impact of conflict on male gender roles and its impact on social reintegration, identity and trauma and the role of weapons in post conflict societies. Draws on experience and examples from Zimbabwe, South Africa, Namibia, Mozambique and Angola

  • Assistance to War Wounded Combatants and Individuals Associated with Fighting Fo
    May 10, 2025

    Reviews and assesses support provided to XCs with disabilities in a number of African DDR programmes - including approaches to categorization of disability and intervention models. Comparative analysis drawn from programmes in Ethiopia, Liberia, Eritrea, Angola, Mozambique, Sierra Leone and Zimbabwe in particular. Conclusion and recommendations start on p.29.

  • DDR of Ex-Combatants in a Peacekeeping Environment
    May 10, 2025

    Guidelines for policy and practice of DDR within a PSO - covering approaches, main issues, procedures, and post-conflict peacebuilding. Section 6 (starting on p.81) covers procedures for demobilization and reintegration and includes procedures for encampment, weapons decommissioning etc.

  • World Bank Pension Reform Primer: Pensions and Other Compensation in Post Confli
    May 10, 2025

    Useful policy brief that explores the challenges of considering benefits and pensions when dealing with the support of "veterans" in the aftermath of conflict. Discusses linkages between military pensions reform and DDR benefits and programmes and eligibility criteria. Examples drawn from a number of countries. A Table at the end of the document provides a useful summary of key lessons learned (page 8-9)

  • Case Studies in War-to-Peace Transition
    May 10, 2025

    Lengthy document structured around three case studies from Ethiopia, Namibia and Uganda. Comprehensive analysis of each including exploration of the political, security and social contexts, programme design and resourcing, institutional arrangements and assessment of impact.

  • Strategy to Revitalize Technical and Vocational Education and Training (TVET)
    May 10, 2025

    Overview of strategic framework for revitalizing, modernizing and harmonizing TVET in Africa as a youth development and human capacity activity. Chapter 7 considers post conflict reconstruction synergies including role of BTVET in reintegration of ex-combatants. Use of BTVET to increase HR capacity and skills in post-conflict Rwanda briefly highlighted.

  • Framework for Post-conflict reconstruction and TVET
    May 10, 2025

    Statement of intent for implementing TVET in post-conflict reconstruction - includes establishment of indicators that may be of some value when considering DDR programme design/ M&E frameworks

  • Practice Note - DDR of Ex- Combatants
    May 10, 2025

    Although heavily focused on DDR interventions running alongside Peace Support Operations the document provides comprehensive (if now somewhat dated) practical guidance for DDR policy makers and practitioners covering all aspects of DDR programming. Explores linkages with SSR, national ownership, interrelationship between reintegration and work with IDP's and other conflict affected groups.

  • Identifying lessons from DDR experiences in Africa
    May 10, 2025

    Report on August 2004 Accra workshop on DDR Presentations covered trends in DDR , relationships with PSO, planning and coordination, and working with special groups. Includes an analysis of issues related to Dealing with Commanders and the role of DDR within wider post conflict recovery frameworks. Examples drawn from a number of countries.

  • From Rebel to Taxpayer? Working together for successful DDR
    May 10, 2025

    Conference report from the Carlton Beach II Conference (2007): "From Rebel to Taxpayer? Working together for successful DDR". Explores a range of issues related to all stages of DDR including its role in underpinning wider peace and recovery frameworks and associated challenges with reintegration targeting and assistance.

  • Post-conflict mental health needs: A cross-sectional survey of trauma, depressio
    May 10, 2025

    Report of a study conducted to measure PTSD and depression amongst the conflict affected population in Juba, South Sudan. High levels pf mental distress were found amongst ex-combatants and the report includes recommendations for increasing access to social and psychological assistance and services.

  • Reintegrating Ex-Combatants in Post-Conflict Societies
    May 10, 2025

    Review of several DDR programs exploring three main challenges and issues (security, social tensions and marginalization) identifies lessons learned and best practices. Includes useful discussion and comparative analysis of issues related to national ownership and different types security and political environments in which DDR (or components of it) might be implemented.

  • Taking a Gender Perspective to Strengthen the Multi-Country Demobilization and R
    May 10, 2025

    From October 31 to November 2, 2005, the World Bank/MDRP Secretariat and UNIFEM held a consultation workshop aimed at strengthening gender in the MDRP national programs. Includes an analysis of the situation faced in each country and recommendations for gender mainstreaming.

  • Child soldiers and Disarmament, Demobilization, Rehabilitation and Reintegration
    May 10, 2025

    This document is a synthesis of Lessons Learned following program interventions with child soldiers in Côte d'Ivoire, Guinea, Liberia, and Sierra Leone and contains recommendations on how to avoid re-recruitment, ensure personnel is better able to respond to children's needs and how their reintegration needs may be more effectively addressed.

  • Support to Former Child Soldiers: Programming and Proposal Evaluation Guide
    May 10, 2025

    Document is intended to act as a guide for those preparing proposals for CIDA to assist with the reintegration of child soldiers. Included here as it provides in clear format an explanation of legal considerations (based on international standards) and a series of matrices related to risk analysis and best practice that may be of value to practitioners.

  • Transitional Justice and Social Reintegration
    May 10, 2025

    Paper Focuses on the relationship between transitional justice and DDR arguing that if properly applied they may be mutually supportive and assist social reintegration in particular. Table of conclusions and recommendations at the end of the document linking TJ measures with potential DDR approaches.

  • Security Promotion in Fragile States: Can Local Meet National?
    May 10, 2025

    Explores the Connections between Community Security and Disarmament, Demobilization, and Reintegration (DDR) programs - contains recommendations on potential approaches for more effectively linking community security with DDR planning and programming.

  • United Nations Policy for Post-Conflict Employment Creation, Income Generation a
    May 10, 2025

    Outlines approach for generating employment opportunities in post-conflict situations - including guiding principles. Includes consideration of emergency employment programs, start-up grants, and promotion of longer-term employment opportunities and decent work standards. Of relevance to DDR. Annex 2 : considers specific challenges associated with the creation of opportunities for Youth and Annex 3: considers Gender specificities.

  • Soldiers Returning Home, Children's perspectives on reintegration, A Case study
    May 10, 2025

    A report detailing the experiences of children returning from the Lords Resistance Army.

  • Young Female Fighters in African Wars. Conflict and Its Consequences
    May 10, 2025

    Provides a comprehensive overview of the role of young women in conflict and post-conflict situations in Africa including their role in armed groups, in DDR, and post-conflict reconstruction. Draws extensively on case examples. A useful checklist for policy and decision-makers on page 42.

  • Review of international financing arrangements for disarmament, demobilization a
    May 10, 2025

    Phase II report of this study commissioned by the SIDDR that explored international financing arrangements for DDR and issues related to harmonization and policy coherence.