The Extraordinary Summit on the African Continental Free TRADE AfCFTA held from 17 – 21 March 2018 in Kigali , Rwanda, will serve as a platform for the African Union to sign into existence another flagship project that will boost intra-Africa trade: The Treaty Establishing the African Economic Community relating to Free Movement of Persons, Rights of Residence and Right of Establishment.
The MoUs are as a follow up of the endorsement at January’s AU Summit of the single market and liberalization of air transport in Africa through the adoption of a Single African Air Transport Market (SAATM). The launch of the single air transport market is expected to bring about greater connectivity across the continent, a key step towards development of the aviation and tourism industry in Africa. SAATM is expected to spur more opportunities to promote trade, cross-border investments in the production and service industries including tourism, resulting in the creation of an additional 300,000 direct and 2 million indirect jobs.
About the AfCFTA
The main objectives of the AfCFTA are to create a single continental market for goods and services, with free movement of business persons and investments, and thus pave the way for accelerating the establishment of the Customs Union. It will also expand intra-African trade through better harmonization and coordination of trade liberalization and facilitation and instruments across the RECs and across Africa in general. The CFTA is also expected to enhance competitiveness at the industry and enterprise level through exploitation of opportunities for scale production, continental market access and better reallocation of resources.
The AfCFTA by the Numbers:
● 55 countries
● More than 1.2 billion people
● Over US$2.5 trillion in total GDP
● 52% ($35 billion) increase in intra-African trade by 2022
● 6% increase in African exports
Some of the benefits of the AfCFTA include:
Boosting industrialization: Currently, some 82% of African countries’ exports go to other continents; they consist mostly of commodities. By contrast, over half of intra-African trade is in manufactured products. Supporters of the deal argue that it will create larger, more competitive markets, helping to ignite Africa’s stalled industrialisation.
Speeding up transport times: Research also shows that the largest gains come not from reducing tariffs, but from cutting non-tariff barriers and transport times. That will come as no surprise to drivers in the long lines of lorries queuing at a typical African border post. The World Bank estimates that it takes three-and-a-half weeks for a container of car parts to pass Congolese customs.
Dynamic market: The AfCFTA offers economies of scale and the chance to create regional value chains. It will offer a tremendous boost to job creation by creating new job opportunities at a time when renewed efforts are required to meet the needs of the Africa’s youth and fully harness the demographic dividend.
Attractive destination for FDI: An enlarged continental market fostered by the AfCFTA will attract more foreign direct investment (FDI) to support African infrastructure development, increase productivity, and support diversification and transformation. Africa needs sustained investments rates of 25% of GDP and above to achieve 7% annual growth rate. Average investment rate over the past 2 decades has been about 18%. Larger markets are needed to attract larger investments rates.
Boosting intra-African trade:
● The World Trade Organization estimates that intra-African trade in 2012 was about 12%. Today, intra-African trade is approximately 16%. This is in stark contrast to much higher rates of intra-regional trade in more developed regions of the world: 70% in Europe, 54% in North America, and 51% in ASEAN.
● United Nations Economic Commission for Africa (UNECA) estimates that the AfCFTA could increase intra-African trade by $35 billion, or 52% above the baseline, by 2022.
● It further estimates that agricultural and industrial exports would increase by $4 billion (7%) and $21 billion (5%) above the baseline, respectively.
Increasing exports:
● Africa’s share of global trade is only about 3%
● UNECA estimates that in conjunction with ongoing initiatives, such as trade facilitation measures to reduce time and cost of trading, the AfCFTA would help increase Africa’s export volumes to the rest of the world by 6%.
Improving Africa’s political position via-a-vis the rest of the world:
● UNECA has shown that the establishment of the AfCFTA will better position the African continent to negotiate in the multilateral trading system
As well as:
● Increased food security through reduction of the rate of protection on trade in agricultural produce among African countries
● Increased competitiveness of Africa’s industrial products through harnessing the economies of scale of a large continental market of about one billion people
● Increased rate of diversification and transformation of Africa’s economy and the continent’s ability to supply its import needs from its own resources
● Better allocation of resources, improved competition and reduced price differentials among African countries.
● Growth of intra-industry trade and the development of geographically-based specialization in Africa
● Reduced vulnerability of Africa to external trade shocks, and
● Enhanced participation of Africa in global trade and reduced dependence of the continent on aid and external borrowing.
CONTACT INFORMATION:
Please contact the following people for further information, accreditation and interviews:
Mrs. Esther Azaa Tankou, Head of Information of the AUC, via E-mail: YambouE@africa-union.org / esthertankou@yahoo.com
Mr. Patient Atcho, Department of Trade and Industry of the AUC, Tel: +251 984876962, Email: AtchoP@Africa-union.org
Joanne McNally, Tel: +44 7767 787656, Email: joannemcnally1@gmail.com
For further information/assistance kindly email eventscomms@minaffet.gov.rw or contact:
• Ms. Vivianne Mukakizima (+250 786554825)
• Mr. Sam Mandela (+250 788530639)
